People Generally Ask:- What does an ENT specialist do? ENT specialists or ENT surgeons are specialists in diagnosing and treating disorders and diseases affecting the ear, nose, throat, head and neck. Throat – tonsillitis, throat, voice and swallowing disorders, salivary gland diseases, thyroid conditions and parathyroid disease. ||| What diseases do ENT doctors treat? Otolayrngologists, or ENTs, treat a wide range of head and neck conditions, including those related to: 1.Sinuses. 2.Ears, including hearing loss and ear tubes. 3.Tonsils and adenoids. 4.Voice box. 5.Swallowing. 6.Smell and taste disorders. 7.Lesions or tumors in the mouth and throat. 8.Cancers in the head and neck. ||| What is difference between ENT and Otolaryngology? In other words, there is no difference between an otolaryngologist and ENT. They are one and the same, with the latter being the shorthand version that's much easier to recall and pronounce. Another example is the gastroenterologist, commonly known as the GI.